For this purpose you can use the Countif formula.
How to use the formula :
In the example I have a simple table with male (M) and female (F) gender.
To count number of male (M) at cell B9 the formula is:
=COUNTIF(B2:B7,"M")
(of course you have to change B2:B7 with the cells of yours)
And to count number of female (F) at cell B10 the formula is:
=COUNTIF(B2:B7,"F")
(and of course you have to change B2:B7 with the cells of yours)
After understanding about this formula, you can use it for other applications.